Transfusion of the Wrong Blood Type Can Cause

If a patient receives a blood blazon that is incompatible, antibodies that the patient already has in his or her blood will attack the donor red claret cells and destroy them. This could crusade fever, chills, chest or back pain, bleeding, increased heart rate, shortness of breath, rapid driblet in blood force per unit area, and/or kidney harm. This is called an astute hemolytic reaction. A delayed hemolytic reaction tin can also occur, which is more often than not less severe or even asymptomatic, but there volition still exist devastation of blood cells.

Claret blazon must be determined before blood is transfused into a patient to preclude a transfusion reaction.

When someone has type A blood (with type A antigens), their plasma has type B antibodies and vice versa. Therefore, a reaction occurs when the antigens on the carmine blood cells of the donor claret react with the antibodies in the recipient's plasma.

For example, if a unit of blood blazon A (which contains A antigens) is transfused into someone with blazon B (they have anti-type A antibodies in their blood), a transfusion reaction volition occur.

When a transfusion reaction does occur, an antibody attaches to antigens on several red blood cells. This causes the cerise blood cells to clump together and plug up blood vessels. Then the cells are destroyed past the body (a process chosen hemolysis), releasing hemoglobin from the carmine blood cells into the claret. Hemoglobin is then broken down into bilirubin, which can crusade jaundice.

If an emergency blood transfusion is needed and the recipient's claret type is not known, anyone can receive type O- blood. Type O- blood (which has no antigen on its surface) will not react with antibodies in the recipient's plasma. Anyone with type O- claret is called a universal donor. Those with type AB blood (which has no antibodies) are called universal recipients, because their plasma will not react with donated blood.

Continue Learning about Blood Basics

Important: This content reflects information from diverse individuals and organizations and may offer alternative or opposing points of view. Information technology should not be used for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Every bit e'er, you should consult with your healthcare provider about your specific health needs.

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Source: https://www.sharecare.com/health/blood-basics/what-patient-receives-wrong-blood

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